Table of Contents
Docker Installation
root@Ubuntu18:/# curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh
Common Docker Commands
- docker –version
- docker pull <image name>
- docker run -it -d <image name>
- docker ps
- docker ps -a //show all the running and exited containers
- docker exec -it <container name> /bin/bash
- docker stop
- docker kill //kills the container by stopping its execution immediately
- docker commit //creates a new image of an edited container on the local system
- docker login //login to the docker hub repository
- docker push <username/image name> //push an image to the docker hub repository
- docker images //lists all the locally stored docker images
- docker rm <container id>
- docker rmi <image-id>
- docker build <path to docker file> //build an image from a specified docker file
[root@shadowdaemon compose]# docker logs –tail 50 –follow –timestamps compose_db_1
2020-03-17T15:24:42.758002000Z chown: changing ownership of ‘/var/lib/postgresql/data’: Permission denied
2020-03-17T15:24:43.410251000Z chown: changing ownership of ‘/var/lib/postgresql/data’: Permission denied
Backup image and load the backup
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
wordpress latest 0d205d4886fe 2 weeks ago 540MB
nginx latest ed21b7a8aee9 2 weeks ago 127MB
mysql 5.7 413be204e9c3 2 weeks ago 456MB
mariadb latest 37f5f0a258bf 4 weeks ago 356MB
portainer/portainer latest 2869fc110bf7 4 weeks ago 78.6MB
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker save -o /root/nginx.tar nginx
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# ls
nginx.tar snap
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~#
You can load this tar file into other machine’s image list:
root@controller:~# docker load -i /root/nginx.tar
Export Container / Import to Image
docker export / docker import and docker save / docker load serve different purposes.docker export (and import) are commands to export/import a container’s root filesystem; from the command’s “help” output;Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
When running these commands, you’ll only get an archive of the container’s filesystem, but not the image’s configuration (such as the
CMD, ENTRYPOINT and ENV).
The
docker save / docker load commands on the other hand, allow you to save/load an image, including their configuration. From the command description;Using those commands, you can transfer an image between docker hosts (without using a registry), and preserve the layers and image configuration.root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker container list
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
7f2118c12a0f nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 7 days ago Up 7 days 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 443/tcp Nginx1
58984786a347 wordpress:latest "docker-entrypoint.s…" 7 days ago Up 7 days 0.0.0.0:10000->80/tcp 51sec_wordpress_1
986469bf37d1 mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 7 days ago Up 7 days 3306/tcp, 33060/tcp 51sec_db_1
e1965b3d6e1f portainer/portainer:latest "/portainer" 7 days ago Up 7 days 0.0.0.0:9000->9000/tcp portainer
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker stop Nginx1
Nginx1
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
7f2118c12a0f nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 7 days ago Exited (0) 14 seconds ago Nginx1
58984786a347 wordpress:latest "docker-entrypoint.s…" 7 days ago Up 7 days 0.0.0.0:10000->80/tcp 51sec_wordpress_1
986469bf37d1 mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 7 days ago Up 7 days 3306/tcp, 33060/tcp 51sec_db_1
e1965b3d6e1f portainer/portainer:latest "/portainer" 7 days ago Up 7 days 0.0.0.0:9000->9000/tcp portainer
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker export Nginx1 > /root/Container-Nginx1.tar
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker rm Nginx1
Nginx1
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
58984786a347 wordpress:latest "docker-entrypoint.s…" 7 days ago Up 7 days 0.0.0.0:10000->80/tcp 51sec_wordpress_1
986469bf37d1 mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 7 days ago Up 7 days 3306/tcp, 33060/tcp 51sec_db_1
e1965b3d6e1f portainer/portainer:latest "/portainer" 7 days ago Up 7 days 0.0.0.0:9000->9000/tcp portainer
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker import /root/Container-Nginx1.tar Nginx1
invalid reference format: repository name must be lowercase
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker import /root/Container-Nginx1.tar nginx1
sha256:df44fea67db399580e7cbdd5d09bd882c91bfe96d43c4b0c0f639aa7f74c9e20
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
58984786a347 wordpress:latest "docker-entrypoint.s…" 7 days ago Up 7 days 0.0.0.0:10000->80/tcp 51sec_wordpress_1
986469bf37d1 mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 7 days ago Up 7 days 3306/tcp, 33060/tcp 51sec_db_1
e1965b3d6e1f portainer/portainer:latest "/portainer" 7 days ago Up 7 days 0.0.0.0:9000->9000/tcp portainer
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx1 latest df44fea67db3 7 minutes ago 143MB
wordpress latest 0d205d4886fe 2 weeks ago 540MB
nginx latest ed21b7a8aee9 2 weeks ago 127MB
mysql 5.7 413be204e9c3 2 weeks ago 456MB
mariadb latest 37f5f0a258bf 4 weeks ago 356MB
portainer/portainer latest 2869fc110bf7 4 weeks ago 78.6MB
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker run -d --name Nginx1 --restart=always -p 80:80 nginx1
docker: Error response from daemon: No command specified.
See 'docker run --help'.
Create Own Image Using Your Container
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker container ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
0457b6159da9 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 16 minutes ago Up 5 minutes 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx1
58984786a347 wordpress:latest "docker-entrypoint.s…" 7 days ago Up 7 days 0.0.0.0:10000->80/tcp 51sec_wordpress_1
986469bf37d1 mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 7 days ago Up 7 days 3306/tcp, 33060/tcp 51sec_db_1
e1965b3d6e1f portainer/portainer:latest "/portainer" 7 days ago Up 7 days 0.0.0.0:9000->9000/tcp portainer
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker commit nginx1 nginx1netsec
sha256:0cf3a7c347f9bca870bd97b9e40bfc11e959e8220e4529d49e4f452cd5de8e68
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker image list
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx1netsec latest 0cf3a7c347f9 6 seconds ago 145MB
nginx latest e791337790a6 3 days ago 127MB
wordpress latest 0d205d4886fe 2 weeks ago 540MB
nginx <none> ed21b7a8aee9 2 weeks ago 127MB
mysql 5.7 413be204e9c3 2 weeks ago 456MB
mariadb latest 37f5f0a258bf 4 weeks ago 356MB
portainer/portainer latest 2869fc110bf7 4 weeks ago 78.6MB
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker stop nginx1
nginx1
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker run --name nginx2 --restart=always -p 80:80 -d nginx1netsec
5fbe841d1f407db372ef8a69fe5295900b3b5b8eeea7d6d7be45f7eed247a19c
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~#
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker container ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
5fbe841d1f40 nginx1netsec "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx2
58984786a347 wordpress:latest "docker-entrypoint.s…" 7 days ago Up 7 days 0.0.0.0:10000->80/tcp 51sec_wordpress_1
986469bf37d1 mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 7 days ago Up 7 days 3306/tcp, 33060/tcp 51sec_db_1
e1965b3d6e1f portainer/portainer:latest "/portainer" 7 days ago Up 7 days 0.0.0.0:9000->9000/tcp portainer
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~#
In this way, even portainer will be still able to manage this new container.
Publish Your Own Docker Image to Docker Hub
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker login
Login with your Docker ID to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com to create one.
Username: johnyan2
Password:
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
Login Succeeded
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker tag nginx1netsec johnyan2/nginx1netsec:latest
root@Ubuntu18-Docker:~# docker push johnyan2/nginx1netsec:latest
The push refers to repository [docker.io/johnyan2/nginx1netsec]
a0ad3b8aa236: Pushed
be91fceb796e: Pushed
919b6770519b: Pushed
b60e5c3bcef2: Pushed
latest: digest: sha256:2ccc1aeb4d69052c9afb6f36a5881bc6b4faf43bc86e33d6922f33382b5bbc28 size: 1160
Pull and run your own Docker:
$ docker pull johnyan2/nginx1netsec
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from johnyan2/nginx1netsec
123275d6e508: Already exists
6cd6a943ce27: Already exists
a50b5ac4a7fb: Already exists
75facb91406e: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:2ccc1aeb4d69052c9afb6f36a5881bc6b4faf43bc86e33d6922f33382b5bbc28
Status: Downloaded newer image for johnyan2/nginx1netsec:latest
docker.io/johnyan2/nginx1netsec:latest
[node1] (local) [email protected] ~
$ docker image list
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
johnyan2/nginx1netsec latest 0cf3a7c347f9 11 hours ago 145MB
nginx latest e791337790a6 4 days ago 127MB
[node1] (local) [email protected] ~
$ docker run -p 80:80 --name Nginx1 -d johnyan2/nginx1netsec
a4e00ef3a26aede705f6519d34baeab2045b31153a4ad2b1a75bb1ec928d27f5
[node1] (local) [email protected] ~
$ netstat -lantp
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.11:35667 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 36/sshd
tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 36/sshd
tcp 0 0 :::2375 :::* LISTEN 20/dockerd
tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 2283/docker-proxy
tcp 0 0 ::ffff:172.18.0.24:2375 ::ffff:172.18.0.1:39999 ESTABLISHED 20/dockerd
tcp 0 0 ::ffff:172.18.0.24:2375 ::ffff:172.18.0.1:39823 ESTABLISHED 20/dockerd
[node1] (local) [email protected] ~
Troubleshooting
[node1] (local) [email protected] ~
$ ./minkebox.sh 172.18.0.22 /var/data
minke
docker: Error response from daemon: path /var/data is mounted on / but it is not a shared mount.
[node1] (local) [email protected] ~
$ mount --make-shared /
[node1] (local) [email protected] ~
$ ./minkebox.sh 172.18.0.22 /var/data
minke
[node1] (local) [email protected] ~
References
